Leg and foot muscles: origins, insertions and actions.

Just in case you are looking for it all in one place, and easily copy and pastable (like I was. . .and did not find) check out the Leg and foot muscles, and their origins, insertions and actions. And to start us off:

Gastocnemius

  Action:  Flex the knee, plantar flex the ankle

  Origin:  Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces

  Insertion:  Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Soleus

  Action:  Plantar flex the ankle

  Origin:  Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula

  Insertion:  Calcaneus bia calcaneal tendon

Plantaris

  Action:  Weak plantar flexion of the ankle, weak flexion of the knee

  Origin:  Lateral supracondylar line of femur

  Insertion:  Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon





Popliteus

  Action:  Medially rotate the flexed knee, flex the knee

  Origin:  Lateral condyle of the femur

  Insertion:  Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia


Peroneus Longus

  Action:  Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle

  Origin:  Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula

  Insertion:  Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Peroneus Brevis

  Action:  Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle

  Origin:  Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula

  Insertion:  Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

Extensors of the Ankle and Toes

Tibialis Anterior

  Action:  Invert the foot, Dorsiflex the ankle

  Origin:  Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

  Insertion:  Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal

Extensor Digitorum Longus

                                                                 Action:

• Extend the second through fifth toes
• Dorsiflex the ankle
• Evert the foot

  Origin:  Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane

  Insertion:  Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes

Extensor Hallucis Longus

  Action:  

• Extend the first toe
• Dorsiflex the ankle
• Invert the foot

  Origin:  Middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

  Insertion:  Distal phalanx of first toe

Flexors of the Ankle and Toes


Tibialis posterior

Action: Invert foot and plantar flex ankle

Origin: Proximal post. shaft of tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Navicular cuneiforms, cuboid and bases of second through fourth metatarsals


Flexor digitorium longus

Action: Flex second through fifth toes, invert foot and weak plantar flexion of ankle

Origin: Middle post. surface of tibia

Insertion: Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes


Flexor Hallucis Longus

Action: Flexfirst toe, invert foot and weak plantar flexion of ankle

Origin: Middle half of post. fibula

Insertion: Distal phalanges of first toe

Extensor digitorum longus

Action: Extends toes and extends foot at ankle
Origin:Upper two thirds of anterior shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane and superior tibiofibular joint
Insertion: Extensor expansion of lateral four toes


Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Action: Extend second through fourth toes

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertion: Second through fourth toes via extensor digitorum longus tendons


Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Action: Flex middle phalanges of second through fifth toes

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertion: Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes


Abductor Hallucis

Action: Abduct first toe and assist to flex first toe

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertion: Proximal phalange of first toe

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Action: Flex fifth toe and assist to abduct fifth toe

Origin: Calcaneus 

Insertion: Proximal phalange of fifth toe






Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Action: Extend first toe

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertion: Proximal phalange of first toe


Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Action: Flex first toe

Origin: Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform

Insertion: Med. and lat. sides of base of proximal phalange of first toe

Adductor Hallucis

Action: Adduct first toe and assist to maintain transverse arch of foot

Origin: Oblique head- Bases of second through fourth metatarsals
Transverse head- Platar ligament of third through fifth metotarsophalangeal joints

Insertion: Lat. surface of base of proximal phalange os first toe and lateral sesamoid bone


Abductor Hallucis
Action: Flexes and abducts big toe. Supports medial longitudinal arch

Origin: Medial process of posterior calcaneal tuberosity & flexor retinaculum

Insertion: Medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx of big toe via medial sesamoid

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Action: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe

Origin: Base of 5th metatarsal and sheath of peroneus longus

Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

Quadratus Plantae

Action: Assist flexor digitorum longus to flex second through fifth toes

Origin: Platar surface of calcaneus

Insertion: Post., lat. aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon

Lumbricals 

Action: Flex proximal phalanges of second through fifth toes at metatarsophalangeal joints and extend middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes and interphalangeal joints

Origin: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Insertion: Bases of proximal Phalanges of second through fifth toes and expansions of extensor digitorum longus tendons

Plantar Interossei

Action: Adduct and flex third through fifth toes

Origin: Bases of third through fifth metatarsals

Insertion: Medial surfaces of proximal phalanges of third through fifth toes


Dorsal Interossei

Action: Abduct and flex second through fourth toes

Origin: Shafts of first through fourth metatarsals

Insertion: First- Medial surface of proximal phalange of second toe
Second through fourth- Lateral surfaces of proximal phalange of second through fourth toes

I hope this was a help to you as just making it has been to me. Please comment below if I missed anything or said something wrong, as I simply am copying others work here, and don't know this stuff myself yet.